Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection. Answer: Introduction: Antibiotic resistance is a rising health issue at present. The most common example of antibiotic resistance is Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). MRSA is a bacterium causing infections in different parts of the human body that is known to be resistant to antibiotics commonly used for treating infection with Staphylococcus, including Methicillin. Methicillin is a semisynthetic penicillin-related antibiotic that was once effective against staphylococci resistant to penicillin. With time and increased use of these antibiotics, strains of Staphylococcus species have evolved that are resistant to such antibiotics. Other examples include penicillin-resistant Enterococcus, and multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR-TB) (Fankhauser et al. 2015). Laxminarayan et al. (2013) point out that the eastern countries have more tendency to use antibiotics in comparison to western countries of the world. Over-the-counter antibiotics are sold widely in these countries. The restrictions imposed on the sale of antibiotics are less imposed, leading to increased cases of antibiotic resistance. The more a person uses an antibiotic, the more he becomes resistant to that drug. The underlying mechanism is that the sensitive bacteria are killed while germs that are resistant multiply and grow within the body. In an individual who has suffered infection due to organisms resistant to the antibiotic, the prognosis is marked by a longer duration of signs and symptoms of the occurring disease. The possible outcomes of the infection are adverse, as management is difficult. Consequent administration of antibiotic drugs in pursuit of understanding the best drug against the infection would lead to several health complications. The chances of recovery are less, as compared to other patients. Treatment requires multicomponent approach with inputs from different spheres of the medical field. References Fankhauser, C., Schrenzel, J., Francois, P., Pittet, D. and Harbarth, S., 2015. Secular trends of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) at Geneva University Hospitals (HUG) over a 14-year period.Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control,4(1), p.O9. Laxminarayan, R., Duse, A., Wattal, C., Zaidi, A.K., Wertheim, H.F., Sumpradit, N., Vlieghe, E., Hara, G.L., Gould, I.M., Goossens, H. and Greko, C., 2013. Antibiotic resistancethe need for global solutions.The Lancet infectious diseases,13(12), pp.1057-1098.